A comprehensive study of rectenna simulations, rectification calculation, and nanofabrication process flow is shown. Motivation for nextgeneration, highefficiency solar cells worldwide energy demands have increased by 40% over the last 20 years. Rectenna solar cells kindle edition by moddel, garret, grover, sachit. There is a growing interest in recent years on developing solar cells and increasing their conversion efficiency.
Rectenna solar cells, moddel, garret, grover, sachit, ebook. Unlike conventional solar cells that provide power in the fourth quadrant of the iv curve under illumination, rectenna solar cells operate in the second quadrant. Feb 15, 2007 a hybrid solar photovoltaic generation system comprising. The semiclassical form for the diode resistance equates the resistance at a bias to the inverseslope of the secant between two points on the dark i v curve separated by photon. The main part of this chapter focuses on the antenna types utilized in solar rectenna systems such as. Silicon solar pv panels wafers 150 cm2 12 25 cm x 12 25 cm for power generation 12. A rectenna is a circuit containing an antenna and a diode, which turns electromagnetic waves into direct current electricity. Overview of optical rectennas for solar energy harvesting. Optical rectenna could double solar cell efficiency. Optical rectenna solar cells using graphene geometric diodes ieee. Solar cells will be made obsolete by 3d rectennas aiming at 40to90% efficiency brian wang september 29, 2015 a new kind of nanoscale rectenna half antenna and half rectifier can convert solar and infrared into electricity, plus be tuned to nearly any other frequency as a detector.
Pdf optical rectennas, submicrometre antennacoupled diodes, can directly rectify solar and thermal electromagnetic radiation, and have been proposed. Pdf quantum theory of operation for rectenna solar cells. We show that there are efficiency limits to broadband optical conversion and provide a quantitative analysis using the theory of photonassisted. In space massive solar arrays could both cool the earth by shadowing and transmit power by microwaves 10% efficient terrestrial cells are common and 40% cells are achieved in research both heat and electricity can be harvested on solar farms. Rectenna solar cell hybrid panel and hybrid photovoltaic. Us20070240757a1 solar cells using arrays of optical. Using density functional theory in combination with greens functional formalism, we study the effect of chemical doping on the electronic transport properties of carbon nanotube cntmetal junctions. Lecture 3 types of solar cells experiment 3 generations. Silicon solar cells, rectifying antenna, efficiency. Firstgeneration cells are based on expensive silicon wafers and make up 85% of the current commercial market. Sep 28, 2015 the first optical rectenna, a device that combines an antenna and a rectifier diode, has been developed with the capability to double the efficiency of solar cells. Socalled thinfilm solar panels, although less efficient per square meter, tend to be much cheaper to produce, and they are the technology being tapped to realize the worlds largest proposed pv plant, the rancho cielo solar farm in belen, n. Dopingenhanced current rectification in carbon nanotube.
Background on itn energy systems optical rectenna technology 1. Siliconwafer cells have light absorbing layers up to 350 m thick, while thinfilm solar cells have a very thin light absorbing layers, generally of the order of 1 m thickness. Sep 28, 2015 a metalinsulatormetal architecture in which one metal is replaced by vertically aligned carbon nanotube antennae is used to convert light into direct current. Because rectifiers can convert a wide range of frequencies to dc it was thought that rectenna solar cellsantennas coupled to ultrahigh speed diodescould efficiently harvest the entire solar spectrum and exceed the shockleyqueisser limit. Forget solar panels, optical rectenna converts light. Profound current rectification is obtained for the.
Solar power satellites seminar report, ppt, pdf for mechanical. Oct 20, 2016 applied to broadband rectenna operation, this correspondence provides clues to designing a rectenna solar cell that has the potential to exceed the 44% quantumlimited conversion efficiency. Secondgeneration cells are based on thin films of materials such as amorphous silicon, nanocrystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, or copper indium selenide. Quantum theory of operation for rectenna solar cells iopscience. Solar rectennas nanosized rectenna for solar cells. Currentvoltage and power characteristics of the rectenna obtained by simulation. A new kind of nanoscale rectenna half antenna and half rectifier can convert solar and infrared into electricity, plus be tuned to nearly any other frequency as a detector. As a robust, hightemperature detector, these rectennas could be a completely disruptive technology if we can get to one percent efficiency. Further, the invention provides various methods of efficiently and reliably producing such solar cells. Right now efficiency is only one percent, but professor baratunde cola and colleagues at the georgia institute of technology georgia tech, atlanta convincingly argue that they can achieve 40 percent broad spectrum. Pdf overview of optical rectennas for solar energy harvesting. Oct 01, 2015 we could ultimately make solar cells that are twice as efficient at a cost that is 10 times lower, and that is to me an opportunity to change the world in a very big way, cola says in the press release. Solar energy harvesting using graphene rectennas university of.
Nov 15, 2017 the main observation is that the maximum rectenna efficiency for a bowtie can increase up to 11% compared to the one for the dipole topology. Since the 1970s, one of the major motivations for rectenna research has been to develop a receiving antenna for proposed solar power satellites, which would harvest energy from sunlight in space with solar cells and beam it down to earth as microwaves to huge rectenna arrays. It might appear that while the conventional solar cell is based on. The calculation of the power provided by a rectenna solar cell for a given incident. A metalinsulatormetal architecture in which one metal is replaced by vertically aligned carbon nanotube antennae is used to convert light into direct current. Optical rectennas, submicrometre antennacoupled diodes, can directly rectify solar and thermal electromagnetic radiation, and have been proposed as an alternative to conventional semiconductor photovoltaics.
Fundamental properties of solar cells, principles and. A carbon nanotube optical rectenna nature nanotechnology. The present invention relates to a rectenna solar cell hybrid panel and a hybrid solar power generation system that generates electric energy from sunlight and receives microwavetransmitted electric power and that also acquires solar energy at an opening surface. Jul 22, 20 the small coherence area for sunlight limits the power per rectenna, which affects the conversion efficiency. Brown in 1964 as a receiver for microwave power transmission, is now increasingly researched as a means of harvesting solar radiation. The rectenna rectifying antenna, which was first demonstrated by william c. In addition, an embodiment of the solar cell comprises a metal layer wherein the metal layer surrounds a length of the rectifier, wherein the optical antenna accepts energy and converts the energy from ac to dc along the rectifier. This book will provide an overview of solar rectennas, and provide thorough descriptions of the two main components. If further refined, the researchers believe the device could lead to a new generation of highly efficient solar cells. The comparison of operating regimes shows how optical rectenna operation differs from microwave rectenna operation. The concept of rectenna solar cells was first introduced by bailey in 1972. Optimizing the bowtie nanorectenna topology for solar energy.
In assessing the broadband ultimate efficiency obtainable from rectenna solar cells it turns out that operating voltage plays the same role that band gap energy plays in conventional solar cells, leading to a single cell limit of 44 %. Solar cells built from singlecrystalline silicon, as alternative energy sources, became the most. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. In this paper, a bowtie topology is considered as the nantenna in a rectenna for solar energy harvesting purposes. Jpwo2005104331a1 rectenna solar cell hybrid panel and.
Optical rectification through an al2o3 based mim passive. We develop a comprehensive description of the operating principle of rectenna solar cells. The theoretical limit of an infinite multijunction cell is 86 %. Successful demonstration of the rectification of waste heat using a passive rectenna system at 28. Rectenna solar cells discusses antennacoupled diode solar cells, an emerging technology that has the potential to provide ultrahigh efficiency, lowcost solar energy conversion. For space this alternative energy conversion process could enable applications under different environmental conditions e. First optical rectenna could double solar cell efficiency e. Also explore the seminar topics paper on solar power satellites with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020. Complete dc and rectification results are presented, indicating a decent responsivity at zerobias. Engineers at the georgia institute of technology have been working on the project for six years and have finally unveiled the new device which is able to convert light. An optical rectenna is a rectenna rectifying antenna that works with visible or infrared light. Rectenna solar cells discusses antennacoupled diode solar cells, an emerging technology that has the potential to provide ultrahigh. Pdf overview of optical rectennas for solar energy. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets.
Worlds first optical rectenna converts light directly into. A solar cell using microantennas to convert radiation to alternating current and ultrahighspeed diodes to rectify the ac can in principle provide. Chapter 3 efficiency limits for solar spectrum rectification saumil joshi, sachit grover, and garret moddel abstract optical rectennas are antennas coupled to. Explore solar power satellites with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading rectenna solar cells. Rectenna solar cells discusses antennacoupled diode solar cells. Most of the thin film solar cells and asi are second generation solar cells, and are more economical as compared to the first generation silicon wafer solar cells. Solar cells will be made obsolete by 3d rectennas aiming at. Quantum theory of operation for rectenna solar cells core.
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